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Eczema - Symptoms & Treatment
Eczema is a very common skin disorders characterized by inflamed skin conditions of sensitive when someone is overly allergens in their environment such as pollens, molds, dust, animal dander, and certain foods frequent occupational diseases. Eczema can occur on just about any part of the body; however, in infants, eczema typically occurs on the forehead, cheeks, forearms, legs, scalp, and neck. Eczema is a general term encompassing various inflamed skin conditions. One of the most common forms of eczema is atopic dermatitis (or "atopic eczema"). Eczema is a heterogeneous group of different non-infectious skin diseases which may be caused by irritative as well as immune mechanisms and lead to pathological changes in the epidermis and upper dermis (corium). It is the most common category of skin diseases. It is most often characterized by dry, red, extremely itchy patches on the skin. Eczema occurs in both children and adults, but usually appears during infancy.
Symptoms of Eczema
Symptoms of eczema are itching and redness, and may make the skin dry and flaky. Eczema makes the skin more sensitive.Eczema makes the skin more sensitive, so you may notice that you are more irritated by cosmetics, soaps, detergents, etc. Eczema in infants is most commonly seen as a patch below the chin or cradle cap. The list of symptoms mentioned in various sources for Eczema includes those listed below :
- Symptoms depend on type of eczema and a great many symptoms can occur
- Itchy skin
- Inflamed skin
- Skin redness
- Skin swelling
- Skin cracking
- Weeping
- Crusting
- Scaling
- Blisters
- Red cheek rash
- Crusty rash on cheek
- Arm rash
- Crusty arm blisters
- Leg rash
- Crusty leg blisters
- Rash inside the elbow
- Rash behind the knees
- Difficulty sleeping - because of the itch
- Hyperpigmented eyelids
- Allergic shiners (dark rings around the eyes)
- Lichenification (leathery skin) - from excessive rubbing
- Atopic pleat (Dennie-Morgan fold) - extra fold of skin under eye.
- Papules (small raised bumps)
- Ichthyosis (scaly skin areas)
- Keratosis pilaris (small, rough bumps)
- Hyperlinear palms (extra skin creases in the palms)
- Urticaria - hives
- Lip inflammation (Cheilitis)
- Symptoms of atopic eczema in infants:
- Typically symptoms start around age 3-4 months
- Scalp rash
- Facial rash
- Small spots
- Weeping spots
- Itchy spots
- Symptoms of discoid eczema :
- Small round patches
- Itchy patches
- Blistered patches
Causes of Eczema
There are many causes of Eczema those are following:
- People who have dyshidrotic dermatitis are genetically predisposed to it.
- Dyshidrotic dermatitis often appears during times of stress.
- We all have a natural protective film of oil on our skin. If this film is removed by soaps, detergents, chemicals, or other substances, the skin can become dry and cracked. Further exposure to environmental irritants then causes redness and inflammation.
- Some people are genetically predisposed to hand dermatitis. If you are one of these individuals, then it takes less environmental insult to cause hand dermatitis compared to someone who is not genetically pre-disposed. Hand dermatitis (hand eczema) is not contagious.
- The cause is unknown. It is the result of a localized defect of the skin. This defect causes the skin to itch which results in scratching and rubbing, which leads to the rash know as lichen simplex chronicus.
- Lichen simplex chronicus is not contagious and is not related to your general health.
- People with lichen simplex chronicus have skin that is dry and easily irritated by soap, detergents, and rough wool clothing. Hot and cold weather often aggravates lichen simplex chronicus.
Treatment of Eczema
There are many treatment of eczema some are below :
- Avoid make-ups, perfumes, etc. that may cause itching or irritation.
- It is possible to find a treatment routine that lets you control your lichen simplex chronicus. Usually with cortisone creams or ointments and a lot of Vaseline.
- If your lichen simplex chronicus worsens and you can't control it, return to the office so we can adjust your medications, or inject the area with hydrocortisones.
- Soap irritates and dries the skin, so keep it away from your lichen simplex chronicus.
- Hot weather and heavy sweating tend to worsen lichen simplex chronicus. Wear cool, loose clothing, and try to stay in air conditioned buildings
- Removing whatever is causing the allergic reaction is the easiest and most effective treatment. This may be as simple as changing your laundry detergent or as difficult as moving to a new climate or changing jobs
- Cold compresses applied directly to itchy skin can also help relieve itchin
Prevention tips
We can used following prevention tips:
- Moisturize frequently
- Avoid sudden changes in temperature or humidity
- Avoid sweating or overheating
- Reduce stress
- Avoid scratchy materials (e.g., wool or other irritants )
- Avoid harsh soaps, detergents, and solvents
- Avoid environmental factors that trigger allergies (e.g., pollens, molds, mites, and animal dander)
- Be aware of any foods that may cause an outbreak and avoid those foods
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