Toxic Shock Syndrome - Symptoms & Treatment

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a serious but uncommon bacterial infection. Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare, life-threatening illness that is caused by toxins (poisons) that circulate in the bloodstream. TSS was originally linked to the use of tampons, but it is now also known to be associated with the contraceptive sponge and diaphragm birth control methods. In rare cases, TSS has resulted from wounds or surgery incisions where bacteria have been able to enter the body and cause the infection. The streptococcal TSS is identical to staphylococcal TSS (STSS), except that the blood cultures usually are positive for staphylococci in STSS. Toxin-producing strains of S aureus infect or colonize people who have risk factors for the development of the syndrome. Most cases are related to the staphylococcal toxin, now called TSS toxin-1 (TSST-1).

The symptoms of TSS include sudden high fever, a faint feeling, watery diarrhea, headache, and muscle aches.It is important to call your child's doctor right away. Signs and symptoms of toxic shock syndrome develop suddenly, and the disease can be fatal. You can reduce your chances of getting toxic shock syndrome by changing your tampon frequently. the person's blood pressure drops dangerously low, and he or she may have fever, dizziness, confusion, difficulty breathing, and a weak and rapid pulse. The skin may be pale, cool, and moist, and there may be a blotchy rash that sometimes peels. The area around an infected wound can become swollen, red, and have areas of severely damaged or dying flesh. The liver and kidneys may begin to fail, and bleeding problems may develop.

Causes of Toxic Shock Syndrome

Common causes of Toxic Shock Syndrome

• Staphylococcus aureus.
• Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Lipectomy.
• Hysterectomy.
• Vaginal delivery.
• Bone pinning.
• Abortion.

Symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome

Common Symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome

• Confusion or other mental changes.
• Urination.
• Fatigue.
• Weakness.
• Moist skin.
• Rapid breathing.
• Vomiting.
• Diarrhea.
• Disorientation.
• Seizures.
• Low blood pressure.

Treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome

Common Treatment of Toxic Shock Syndrome

• People with suspected toxic shock syndrome should be immediately taken to the hospital's emergency department.
• Avoid using tampons if they have had TSS, as re-infection is common.
• Using tampons should remove the tampon prior to going to the hospital.
• The toxins produced by the staph or strep bacteria and accompanying hypotension may result in kidney failure. If your kidneys fail, you may need dialysis
• Proper ventilator management with low tidal volume in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• Early hemodynamic resuscitation and continued support

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